Raspian sea. Xəzər dənizi
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Caspian Sea
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Caspian Sea | |
|---|---|
 | |
As captured by the MODIS on the orbiting Terra satellite | |
| Coordinates | 41°40′N 50°40′ECoordinates: 41°40′N 50°40′E |
| Lake type | Endorheic, Saline, Permanent, Natural |
| Primary inflows | Volga River, Ural River, Kura River,Terek River |
| Primary outflows | Evaporation |
| Catchment area | 3,626,000 km2 (1,400,000 sq mi)[1] |
| Basincountries | Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan,Russia, Turkmenistan |
| Max. length | 1,030 km (640 mi) |
| Max. width | 435 km (270 mi) |
| Surface area | 371,000 km2 (143,200 sq mi) |
| Average depth | 187 m (610 ft) |
| Max. depth | 1,025 m (3,360 ft) |
| Water volume | 69,400 km3 (16,600 cu mi) |
| Residence time | 250 years |
| Shore length1 | 7,000 km (4,300 mi) |
| Surface elevation | −28 m (−92 ft) |
| Islands | 26+ (see Island below) |
| Settlements | Baku (Azerbaijan), Rasht (Iran),Aktau (Kazakhstan), Makhachkala(Russia), Türkmenbaşy(Turkmenistan) (see article) |
| References | [1] |
| 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | |
The Caspian Sea (Azerbaijani: Xəzər dənizi, Persian: دریای خزر, Russian: Каспийское море, Kazakh:Каспий теңізі, Turkmen: Hazar deňizi) is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.[2][3] The sea has a surface area of 371,000 km2(143,200 sq mi) (not including Garabogazköl Aylagy) and a volume of 78,200 km3 (18,800 cu mi).[4] It is in an endorheic basin (it has no outflows) and is bounded to the northwest by Russia, to the west byAzerbaijan, to the south by Iran, to the southeast by Turkmenistan, and to the northeast by Kazakhstan.
The ancient inhabitants of its littoral perceived the Caspian Sea as an ocean, probably because of its saltiness and seeming boundlessness. It has a salinity of approximately 1.2%, about a third the salinity of most seawater. The Caspian Sea has been called Gilan (دریای گیلان) on ancient maps. In Iran, it is referred to as Daryâ-ye Mazandaran (دریای مازندران), meaning "the Sea of Mazandaran" in Persian, and sometimes also as Daryâ-ye Khazar.[5]
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